Features of organizing a children's garden on the territory of a preschool educational organization

Furniture for kindergartens

The presence of comfortable and functional furniture contributes to the normal development of the child. This statement is equally true for both home and kindergarten. The main elements of furniture for preschool institutions include:

Children's chairs
Children's tables
Children's beds

Also, each kindergarten must be equipped with lockers for clothes, shoes and personal belongings of its pupils. A special place is occupied by the kindergarten canteen, where children eat their meals.

Furniture for kindergartens is of the same type (as a rule, a batch of identical pieces of furniture is purchased). First of all, this applies to tables and chairs. For example, when equipping a game room and a dining room, you can choose sets of different designs. The number of pieces of furniture must correspond to the number of students in the group. For nursery, middle and senior groups, furniture is selected taking into account the age distribution adopted in your kindergarten.

It would be very prudent on your part to have several spare sets of children's kindergarten furniture: for replacement or in case of expansion.

Types of furniture for kindergartens

Features of organizing a children's garden on the territory of a preschool educational organization

Bibliographic description:

Kuzubova, E. N. Features of organizing a children's garden on the territory of a preschool educational organization / E. N. Kuzubova. — Text: immediate // Theory and practice of education in the modern world: materials of the X International. scientific conf. (Chita, April 2020). — Chita: Young Scientist Publishing House, 2020. — pp. 29-32. — URL: https://moluch.ru/conf/ped/archive/277/14049/ (access date: 09/11/2020).

The article reveals the concept of environmental education in kindergarten and talks about creating a vegetable garden for all age groups.

Key words: ecology, kindergarten, children, vegetable garden.

One of the areas of development of modern preschool pedagogical science and practice is environmental education of preschool children.

In preschool pedagogy, issues related to the content of environmental education for preschool children are considered; the main approaches to organizing educational activities, as well as the principles of constructing an environmentally friendly developmental subject-spatial environment in a kindergarten. At the same time, the developing subject-spatial environment (in the specialized literature the abbreviation RPPS is used) is considered as a stimulant, a driving force in the holistic process of formation of the child’s personality, promoting the early manifestation of versatile abilities, encouraging the child to be active, inquisitive and initiative [1, 403].

In modern pedagogical practice, the issues of constructing RPES in preschool educational organizations are studied in accordance with the requirements of the federal state educational standard for preschool education, which means that the developing subject-spatial environment should be content-rich, transformable, multifunctional, variable, accessible and safe [5, 19]. In addition, the defining moment in creating a developmental environment is the main educational program that guides the educational institution. It is also important to take into account the characteristics of children attending a certain group: age, level of their development, inclinations, abilities, interests, gender composition, personal characteristics and other characteristics [1, 406].

According to researchers such as V. A. Petrovsky, L. M. Klarina, S. L. Novoselova and others, the model of a developing subject-spatial environment should include three components: subject content, its spatial organization and their changes over time [2, 79]. These three components form the basis of any educational environment of any educational institution and provide a high degree of its variability.

One of the elements of the kindergarten's RPPS is a children's vegetable garden, located on the site of a preschool organization and including all of the above components. Let's look at them in more detail.

The place for the children's garden is chosen to be open, sunny, protected on the north side by buildings, a fence or hedge. The width of the beds is no more than 70 cm, which allows preschoolers to reach the middle of the bed with their hands while working. The height of the ridges depends on the soil characteristics and climate of the area. In the middle zone, the height of the beds is 15–20 cm, so that they do not crumble, the edges are made flat. The length of the beds is up to 3 meters. Crops that are unpretentious to the soil and easy to care for are used for growing on the kindergarten site. The seeds of such crops quickly germinate, grow and ripen, have edible parts, are pleasant to the taste and useful for eating raw, and are interesting to observe [4, 66–67].

The layout of the beds in the children's garden is shown in Fig. 1.

Rice. 1. Scheme for designing beds in a children's garden

Most of the above requirements are satisfied by the following garden crops: onions, sugar peas, beans and beans, radishes, turnips, beets, cucumbers, lettuce, tomatoes, cabbage (headed, cauliflower, leaf), pumpkin and zucchini, carrots, parsley, squash, sorrel, celery, dill, etc. [7].

Of the listed crops, 1–2 types are needed for the younger groups, 2–3 for the middle group, and 4–6 for the older group. Vegetable plants have many varieties. Only those that are better adapted to local natural conditions are used in working in the children's garden. At the same time, we must remember that for younger preschoolers, vegetable seeds should be large (legumes, pumpkin), and smaller seeds (dill, carrots, beets, etc.) can be sown by older preschoolers.

Mineral fertilizers and synthetic preparations for removing weeds and pests cannot be used in a children's garden. But modern manuals on vegetable and plant growing contain recommendations on how to use work methods that are harmless to children for these purposes. Some of them were tested by the author of the article and positive results were obtained.

Thus, liquid “green fertilizer” is used as a kind of plant growth stimulator. Its action is due to the fact that agronomists and plant growers claim that plants themselves are capable of being a wonderful fertilizer. Moreover, they can be used in three forms: natural (live) - when the green mass of plants is embedded in the ground; rotten (in the form of compost); liquid - in the form of an infusion of green plant mass (liquid “green fertilizer”) [3].

We believe that the fastest, safest, most affordable and effective way for a kindergarten is to use liquid “green fertilizer”. The technology for its preparation is as follows: about 3/4 of the barrel or bucket (you can fill it up) is filled with green mass of cut grass (you can even have seeds), tops, weeds weeded directly from the roots, and stepsons. The whole thing is filled to the top with water. The top of the barrel is closed with any improvised lid or plastic film (then make a couple of holes in it for gas exchange). It is advisable to secure the film with tape or rope. The resulting mixture is left to infuse and ferment for a week and a half. It is after this period of time that the infusion is ready for use. For fertilizing, a solution is used in a ratio of 1:10, that is, 1 liter of infusion per bucket of water.

After using all the infusion, the remaining herb is once again filled with water and after a day or two is used for watering without dilution. Liquid “green fertilizer” made from nettle, woodlice, sweet clover, chickweed, bluegrass and fescue is perfect for feeding any vegetables, as it stimulates the growth and development of plants well. This is due to the features of this type of fertilizer: firstly, it is absorbed by the plant immediately; secondly, due to the alkaline reaction of the solution, the acidity of the soil decreases; thirdly, many microorganisms enter the soil, the secretions of which have a protective effect [3].

In methods of protecting plants from pests and diseases, several groups are currently distinguished: agrotechnical, physical-mechanical, chemical and biological control methods [7, 385]. In kindergartens, biological methods are safe . For example, against many diseases and pests of vegetables I use spraying with herbal decoctions and infusions. Thus, infusions of tops of nightshade crops, leaves or roots of dandelion, celandine, tobacco, onion peels, heads of garlic, horse sorrel, and burdock are good against whiteflies, thrips and aphids. Infusions and decoctions of yarrow, burdock (burdock), chopped tops or shoots of tomatoes, potatoes, nightshade, physalis, mustard, and ash are used against caterpillars on cabbage, radishes, turnips. The combination of planting vegetable and flower crops also helps repel some pests. Such flower crops are: calendula, yarrow, marigolds, nasturtium, hyssop plantings, etc.

As you know, many insects harmful to garden crops can be destroyed by birds. To attract birds (tits, wagtails, sparrows, etc.) a “bird pole” is placed in the garden [6]. See fig. 2

Rice. 2 Scheme for arranging a “bird pole” in a children’s garden

The “bird pole” is installed in the center of the children’s garden at a height of 2.5–4 meters from the ground so that a path is laid to it. Stationary feeders for feeding birds are attached to the pole, and at the top there is a nesting house, which in winter is also replaced with a feeder. On the ground around the post there is a trench for water (this is a summer bird watering hole). Such a post functions all year round - in winter the birds will feed, in the summer they will fly to watering places, in the spring someone will build a nest in the house and begin hatching chicks, and in cold weather sparrows will hide in it from bad weather. Sometimes a “bird column” is also used to organize observations of interesting phenomena of inanimate nature: wind direction, sun movement. For this purpose, additional elementary devices are installed.

Thus, the interest of birds in the garden and garden crops does not end with the spring - summer period. In addition, the “bird pole” is an aesthetic decoration for a children’s garden at any time of the year, and its arrangement in a children’s garden helps to fulfill such requirements for RPPS as multifunctionality and variability.

Literature:

Gogoberidze A. G., Solntseva O. V. Preschool pedagogy with the basics of methods of education and training: - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2013. - 464 p.
Novoselova S. L. Developing object-based play environment for childhood // Preschool education. - 1998. - No. 4. - P. 79.
Organic fertilizers from plants: [Electronic resource] Access mode: https://7dach.ru/Tangeya/organicheskie-udobreniya-iz-rasteniy-5711.html, free, (access date 03/23/2018)
Poluyanova N.K. Developing subject-spatial environment in a preschool educational organization. — Ugra: AU Institute for Educational Development, 2020. — 78 p.
Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated October 17, 2013 No. 1155 “On approval of the federal state educational standard for preschool education” [Electronic resource] Access mode: https://d25101.edu35.ru/ourchhome/obraz-standarty/128-fgos -do, free, (access date 03/24/2018)
Bird pillar. [Electronic resource] https://cyberpedia.su/4x5ccc.htm, free, (access date 03/23/2018)
Samsonov S.A. The Golden Book of a Rich Harvest. - M.: Publishing House RIPOL, 2007. - 448 p.

Key terms
(automatically generated)
: children's garden, kindergarten, culture, developing subject-spatial environment, green mass of plants, educational institution, bed design scheme.

Walls and racks for kindergartens Children's walls and racks will solve all problems with storing books, toys, and children's things. Modular furniture for preschool institutions is represented by a set of different elements

Furniture for kindergartens

M-59 Kitchen “Polina”

M-131 Nature Corner “Palm”

M-154 Wall "Malvina" corner

M-161 Rack “Artist”

M-173 Table 2-seater

M-203 Chair with metal legs, adjustable varnish

m-905 Bed “Egorka”

M-244 Drying cabinet

M-2 Rainbow Set

M-14 Small table “Childhood”

Light beech

p-33 Sandbox 300x20 square

m-548 Wardrobe Bench (MASSIVE) M-16 - double-sided

m-880 Folding cot “Standard-K” (children’s)

Leatherette orange

M-62 Kitchen "Dasha"

M-272 Rocket “Rocket”

M-134 nature "Corner"

M-145 Teremok wall

M-164 Rack "Sun"

M-197 Table-4-seater

m-626 Chair with metal legs - adjustable varnish

m-908/1 Bed “Cornflower”

M-245 Utility cabinet

M-1 Set "Ocean" leatherette

M-16 Children's square table Khokhloma with artistic painting “Autumn”

Dark beech

p-34 Sandbox with side 300x20

m-549 Wardrobe Bench (MASSIVE) M-16-double-sided

m-881 Folding cot “Standard-KM” (children’s)

Features of organizing a children's garden on the territory of a preschool educational organization

Bibliographic description: