Door hinges are the main type of hardware. They must meet their intended purpose and be harmoniously combined with the canvas in appearance. The correct choice and installation of hinges made in accordance with all the rules is a guarantee of their reliability and maximum functionality.
There is a wide selection of accessories on sale; you need to take into account the materials of manufacture, area, and installation method. You can find out more about prices on the website. The store provides free delivery throughout Ufa and the Republic of Bashkortostan upon placing an order worth 3,000 rubles or more.
Scope of application of universal hinges
One-piece universal hinges can be installed on entrance or interior doors, furniture doors, bar doors, and so on. It is not recommended to use one-piece hinges in rooms where it is often necessary to remove the door to move large loads (for example, furniture) and carry out repair work, since constant unscrewing of the mechanism contributes to rapid wear and damage.
Universal hinges are equipped with bearings that ensure silent and easy door opening. The number of bearings depends on the size of the hinge.
Universal hinge design
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Types of universal loops
Universal door hinges can be classified according to several criteria:
- according to the method of attaching the mechanism to the door;
- according to the material from which the devices are made.
Types of hinges, differing in the method of fastening
Universal hinges for doors, depending on the installation method, are:
- Invoices or cards.
Universal overhead loop
Overhead or card universal hinges are easy to install. However, it is not recommended to use such a mechanism for fastening heavy doors, since the safety margin of the hinge, as a rule, does not exceed 50 kg. A type of overhead loop is a butterfly loop.
Butterfly loop
- Mortise.
Mortise hinge
Mortise hinges require more careful and careful installation. The advantage of such devices is a long service life and the possibility of higher loads.
- Screwable.
Screw-in loop
Depending on the weight of the door, the number of pins of the device, which are the fastening elements of the hinge, changes. For the heaviest doors, hinges with four pins on each side are used. The advantage of the hinges is the ability to adjust them in different directions.
- Hidden.
Hidden type hinge is not visible when the doors are closed
The operating principle of the device is based on folding and extending. When the door is closed, the hinge is not visible, which is why it is called hidden.
A variation of hidden hinges are bar hinges, which allow the door to open both inward and outward.
Bar hinges allow doors to open in both directions
For heavy doors, mortise hinges are used. For other types of doors, hinges should be based on the weight of the structure and aesthetic preferences.
Materials used for the manufacture of universal hinges
For the production of door hinges the following can be used:
- brass. Brass fittings are distinguished by their high price and high quality. Brass hinges are virtually unaffected by the environment. The brass coating helps protect the product from corrosion and gives the finished product a beautiful appearance;
- steel. Hinges made of steel are less expensive than brass ones, but also have a smaller margin of safety;
- stainless steel. A big disadvantage of stainless steel products is the lack of choice of colors. However, this disadvantage is offset by low cost and strong wear resistance.
If the hinges are intended to be placed on doors leading to the street, then it is recommended to purchase products made of stainless steel or brass. For interior doors, you can use hinges made of any material.
Features of the mechanisms
The fittings presented for sale have different mechanisms in terms of detachability. Detachable awnings and products allow you to remove the sashes without affecting the hinge itself. Removable products are represented by a pair of elements - mother (door wing) and father (frame wing).
In universal models, the design is one-piece; to remove the door leaf, you will need to completely unscrew the hinges. The frame wing includes three hinges, the door wing - a pair. Universal products are equally suitable for models that open outward or inward.
And lastly, taking into account the opening side, the hinges are used either right or left. The presence of burglary protection increases the price of products and improves their reliability. Visually selected hinges should fit harmoniously into the interior.
How to install different types of hinges
Installing universal hinges is not a job that requires the involvement of specialists. Only hidden types of loops can cause difficulties.
Installation of overhead hinge
The universal overhead hinge is installed using a screwdriver or screwdriver and drill:
- At the first stage, markings are made for installing the device. The places where the hinge will subsequently be attached are marked on the door leaf and frame;
- holes are drilled with a drill for fastenings, usually included in the hinge kit;
- Using a screwdriver or other device (screwdriver), the hinge is attached first to the door leaf, and then to the jamb.
Installed overhead butterfly loop
A universal hinge without insertion is installed within 5 – 10 minutes. However, it will be quite difficult for one person to carry out all the work. It is more advisable to use the help of a second person when installing the hinge.
Installation of a mortise hinge
The insertion of universal loops occurs according to the following scheme:
- the location for future installation is marked;
- using a chisel, remove a layer of door leaf and frame, the dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the hinge;
- holes for fastenings are drilled using a drill;
- the loop is recessed into the prepared niche and screwed with self-tapping screws included in the kit.
Installed mortise universal hinge
It is also recommended to carry out work on installing the mortise hinge together with a partner.
Screw-in hinge installation
Installation of screw-in hinges, as in previous cases, begins with markings. This stage requires maximum attention, since the functionality of the structure after installation depends on correct markings.
Installed screw-in hinge
Next, the installation of the loop proceeds as follows:
- holes for the pins are drilled in the marked area (on the door and frame);
- screwing in the pins begins with the door frame, and then screws it to the door leaf;
- the final adjustment of the loop is made;
- the holes are closed with decorative caps.
External hinges
Overhead canopies, also known as external ones, are rightfully considered the most ancient and popular. They appeared immediately after people mastered such a process as metal forging. Of course, there was no need to talk about any patterns or other subtleties, but such loops coped with their main purpose “excellently.” The first options were large enough, so they held massive doors without any problems. This is currently the cheapest type of awning and is mostly popular in rural areas. However, forged hinges are coming back into trend. This is due not only to the large selection of sizes, but also to the difference in patterns. Modern blacksmiths have done their best, so the variety of forms of such canopies is countless. Their key advantage is ease of installation. It is not necessary to pre-prepare the door frame. It is enough to screw the hinges to the leaf, and you can install the door in the designed position.
We install doors that open in both directions
As noted above, there are axial, hidden, and overlapping hinges, and there is another type of hinge - double-sided for hinged doors that open back and forth.
Their principle is the same as any other - to close and open up in front of people. The difference is that they open in any direction
Such doors have a number of advantages over other types:
- Automatic closing doors provide excellent heat retention. It would seem that this might be required indoors, however, if there is a heater in the room or if we are talking about office buildings, then this type of hinge is the most suitable.
- Swing doors are ergonomic and very comfortable.
- Maximum convenience, because no effort is required to open or close the doors.
- If desired, you can install stops and bearings so that the doors do not swing open too much and do not come into contact, for example, with furniture or nearby walls.
- Due to the fact that the hinges on such doors are used many more times, they must be stronger and more wear-resistant. It is advisable to choose those that have a galvanic coating.
- Like any other hinges, you should choose double-sided hinges with a decorative coating in gold, chrome, gold or nickel.
Material of manufacture and coating
Door hinges can be made from various materials. One of them is steel. Since ancient times, blacksmiths have tried to create unique types using various alloys. Today they are used only on street fences.
They are also installed in apartments, but only if there is an antique interior. Their main advantage is high strength, as well as resistance to temperature and moisture. That is why they are used to install entrance doors.
Thanks to designers, hinges and canopies began to appear, which are covered with special enamel, treated with gold and bronze dusting, brass or chrome. All these colors serve to enhance decorative properties.
Well-known manufacturers make hinges and canopies only from brass. They are able to retain their decorative properties for a long time. In addition, the material is not inferior in its strength properties. When buying hinges, you need to beware of fakes. Such devices are made from powder materials. Therefore, they are capable of collapsing at the wrong moment, thereby causing injury to many people.
So, we found out the types of door hinges and how to install them.
